Dakshinamurthy

दक्षिणामूर्ति • Dakṣiṇāmūrti

"The South-Facing Form (Dakshina = South + Murti = Form)"

Shiva Form Advaita Vedanta; All Shaiva traditions
Dakshinamurti Jnana Dakshinamurthy Medha Dakshinamurthy Yoga Dakshinamurthy
Epithets
Adi Guru (First Teacher) Jnana Murthy (Form of Knowledge) Mouna Vyakhyana Prakatita (Explainer through Silence)

Category & Classification

Type
Shiva Form
Tradition
Advaita Vedanta; All Shaiva traditions
Aspect
Supreme Teacher/Guru

Iconography

Form
Young sage seated under a banyan tree, teaching through silence
Complexion
White/Fair (representing Sattva and knowledge)
Faces
1
Arms
4
Posture
Seated in meditation or Virasana; right leg hanging down, left folded
Attributes & Weapons
  • Jnana mudra (Chin mudra) (Right hand) - Union of individual and cosmic; teaching gesture
  • Agni (Fire) or texts (Upper left) - Enlightenment; sacred knowledge
  • Akshamala (Rosary) (Sometimes) - Concentration; cyclical nature of existence
  • Snake (Sometimes in one hand) - Kundalini; primal energy; mastered ego
Distinctive Features
  • Seated under Vata Vriksha (banyan tree)
  • Facing south
  • Aged disciples at feet

Family & Relations

Origin Shiva as the original teacher (Adi Guru) who taught through silence

Mythology & Stories

Shiva as the original teacher (Adi Guru) who taught through silence

Dakshinamurthy represents the ultimate spiritual teacher - one who transmits knowledge beyond words, through silence and presence. He is the guru of gurus.

Teaching the Kumaras

At the beginning of creation, the four young sages (Sanat Kumaras) sought ultimate wisdom. They approached Shiva, who sat facing south under a banyan tree. He taught them through profound silence, and their doubts were resolved through his mere presence and the chin mudra.

Source: Shiva Purana, Dakshinamurthy Stotram

Silent Teaching

The guru is young (eternal truth); the disciples are old (seekers through ages). Truth is transmitted not through words but through direct transmission - the highest form of teaching.

Source: Dakshinamurthy Upanishad

Adi Shankaracharya's Devotion

Adi Shankaracharya composed the famous Dakshinamurthy Stotram, establishing this form as central to Advaita Vedanta.

Source: Advaita tradition

Worship & Mantras

Mantras

Beej Mantra

Om Dakshinamurthaye Namah

Mool Mantra

Om Namo Bhagavate Dakshinamurthaye

MedhaMantram Mantra

For students seeking intelligence and memory

DakshinamurthyGayatri Mantra

Om Dakshinamurthaye Vidmahe Medhaya Dhimahi Tanno Dhisana Prachodayat

Stotras & Hymns
Dakshinamurthy Stotram (Adi Shankaracharya) Dakshinamurthy Ashtakam Medha Suktam
Auspicious Days
Thursday (Guru's day) Guru Purnima
Offerings
  • Bilva leaves
  • Vibhuti
  • Books/texts
  • Honey

Temples

Most Shiva temples

Dakshinamurthy faces south on the southern niche of all Shiva temples

Alangudi

Tamil Nadu

Guru Sthalam; Dakshinamurthy worshipped for Jupiter remedies

Thiruvavaduthurai

Tamil Nadu

Famous Dakshinamurthy temple; Adheenams (monastic center)

Associated Festivals

Guru Purnima Dakshinamurthy Jayanti

Astrological Connection

Planet
Jupiter (Guru) - the planet of wisdom and teaching
Day
Thursday (Guruvar)

Symbolism & Philosophy

Cosmic Role: Supreme Guru; source of all knowledge; transmitter of Brahmavidya

Wisdom Silence Tranquility Mastery Compassionate teaching

Represents the knowledge that liberates. The young teacher with old students shows that truth is eternally young while seekers are aged by lifetimes of seeking. Silence as the highest teaching shows truth is beyond words.

AdvaitaConnection Central to Advaita Vedanta - teaches the non-dual truth of Brahman