Tara

तारा • Tārā

"Star; She who carries across (Tar = to cross/save); The Savior"

Mahavidya Second of the Ten Mahavidyas Shakta Tantra; also Buddhism (Buddhist Tara is related)
Tarini Ugra Tara Nila Saraswati Ekajata
Epithets
Sarva-mangala (All-auspicious) Bhava-tarini (Carrier across worldly existence) Smashan-vasini (Dweller of cremation ground)

Category & Classification

Type
Mahavidya
Position
Second of the Ten Mahavidyas
Tradition
Shakta Tantra; also Buddhism (Buddhist Tara is related)
Parent Deity
Adi Shakti

Iconography

Form
Similar to Kali but with distinctive blue color; fierce yet compassionate
Complexion
Blue (Nila); sometimes dark like Kali
Faces
1 (some forms have more)
Arms
4 (some forms have 8)
Posture
Standing in pratyalidha (warrior stance) on supine Shiva
Attributes & Weapons
  • Kartri (Scissors/Knife) (Upper left) - Cutting through delusion
  • Kapala (Skull cup) (Lower left) - Contains nectar of immortality
  • Nilotpala (Blue Lotus) (Upper right) - Purity arising from mud; spiritual unfoldment
  • Khadga (Sword) (Lower right) - Destruction of obstacles
Distinctive Features
  • Blue complexion (key difference from Kali)
  • Three eyes
  • Matted hair with serpents
  • Crescent moon in hair
  • Garland of severed heads
  • Tiger skin or minimal clothes
  • Standing on corpse (like Kali)

Family & Relations

Origin Self-manifested as cosmic savior; emerged from Kali's third eye; or primordial goddess of guidance

Mythology & Stories

Self-manifested as cosmic savior; emerged from Kali's third eye; or primordial goddess of guidance

Tara is the compassionate mother who guides souls across the ocean of worldly existence. While fierce in appearance, she represents the immediate protection and guidance available to all who call her.

Saving Shiva from Poison

When Shiva drank the halahala poison during Samudra Manthan and was burning, Tara appeared and breastfed him like a child, transforming the poison into nectar. Thus she is the ultimate mother who saves even the gods.

Source: Shakta Tantra tradition

Origin from Kali

Tara emerged from Kali's third eye as her compassionate aspect. While Kali is the fierce destroyer, Tara is the compassionate guide who helps devotees cross the ocean of existence.

Source: Tantric tradition

Vashishtha's Worship

Sage Vashishtha traveled to Tibet/China to learn Tara worship when it was not known in India. He brought her worship back, establishing the Tarapith tradition.

Source: Shakta tradition

Buddhist Connection

Tara is worshipped in both Hindu Tantra and Buddhism. The Buddhist Tara evolved parallelly, with Green Tara and White Tara being prominent forms. Both traditions share reverence for her as the compassionate savior.

Source: Historical

Worship & Mantras

Mantras

Beej Mantra

Om Streem Hreem Hoom

Mool Mantra

Om Hreem Streem Hum Phat

Gayatri Mantra

Om Tarayai Vidmahe Mahogratarayai Dhimahi Tanno Devi Prachodayat

TaraDashakshari Mantra

Om Hreem Streem Hum Phat Svaha

NilaSaraswati Mantra

Om Hreem Treem Hum Phat

Stotras & Hymns
Tara Ashtakam Nila Saraswati Stotra Tara Kavacham Tara Hridaya
Auspicious Days
Tuesday Saturday Ashtami (8th day)
Offerings
  • Blue flowers
  • Blue cloth
  • Fish (at Tarapith)
  • Rice
  • Hibiscus

Temples

Tarapith

Birbhum, West Bengal

Most famous Tara temple; major Tantric center; stone image with silver eyes

Tarapeeth

Various locations in Bengal

Secondary Tara shrines

Nalhateshwari

Assam

Ancient Tara temple

Associated Festivals

Navaratri Amavasya worship Phalaharini Kali Puja (Ashwin)

Astrological Connection

Planet
Jupiter (Guru); also Moon
Nakshatra
Associated with Rohini and other auspicious nakshatras
Day
Thursday; Tuesday
Remedial For
Protection from dangers Crossing difficult periods Speech problems Learning difficulties

Symbolism & Philosophy

Cosmic Role: Cosmic guide; savior; she who carries devotees across the ocean of samsara

Compassion Guidance Protection Wisdom Salvation Motherly love
  • As 'Star' she guides like the pole star guides travelers
  • Blue color represents boundless sky and infinite potential
  • Standing on Shiva shows Shakti activating consciousness
  • Lotus in hand shows purity arising from worldly mud
  • Her fierce form shows she destroys obstacles to liberation
  • Breastfeeding Shiva shows she nourishes even the highest gods

The compassionate aspect of fierce Shakti; accessible to sincere devotees; path of grace