മലയാള പഞ്ചാംഗം 2024 Malayalam Calendar 2024
Kerala • Solar (sidereal) • New Delhi
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12 ദിവസങ്ങൾ · 51 വ്രതങ്ങൾമറ്റ് കലണ്ടറുകൾ
കുറിച്ച് മലയാള പഞ്ചാംഗം
The Malayalam Calendar (Kollam Era / Kolla Varsham) is a solar calendar used in Kerala, established in 825 CE by King Udaya Marthanda Varma. The new year (Vishu) is celebrated when the Sun enters Mesha (April 14-15), but the Kolla Varsham starts with Chingam (August-September) — the harvest month containing Onam.
मलयालम कैलेंडर एक सौर पद्धति है — कोल्लम संवत् 825 ई. में स्थापित। मलयालम वर्ष चिङम महीने (अगस्त-सितम्बर) से शुरू होता है।
The Malayalam Calendar uses the Kollam Era (Kolla Varsham) — established in 825 CE marking the founding of the city of Kollam (Quilon). It is a sidereal solar calendar, where months are determined by the Sun's transit through zodiac signs. The Malayalam year begins in Chingam (the harvest month, August-September) which contains Onam — Kerala's grandest cultural festival. Two new year observances exist: Vishu (sidereal new year, April 14, when Sun enters Mesha) and Chingam 1 (administrative/Kolla Varsham new year, late August). Kerala's festivals are deeply tied to its harvest cycle, monsoons, and unique boat-race traditions.
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ചാന്ദ്ര മാസങ്ങൾ
| # | മാസം | സ്വദേശി പേര് | ഗ്രിഗോറിയൻ കാലഘട്ടം | സൂര്യ രാശി | പ്രധാന ഉത്സവങ്ങൾ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chingam | ചിങ്ങം | August 17 - September 16 | Simha (Leo) | Onam (Kerala's grandest festival), Thiruvonam, Atham |
| 2 | Kanni | കന്നി | September 17 - October 17 | Kanya (Virgo) | Navaratri, Vidyarambham, Pitru Paksha |
| 3 | Thulam | തുലാം | October 18 - November 16 | Tula (Libra) | Diwali, Vidyarambham (Day 1 of Navaratri ends here) |
| 4 | Vrischikam | വൃശ്ചികം | November 17 - December 15 | Vrischika (Scorpio) | Mandala Pooja begins (Sabarimala), Karthika Pournami |
| 5 | Dhanu | ധനു | December 16 - January 14 | Dhanu (Sagittarius) | Mandala Pooja peak, Sabarimala pilgrimage, Vaikunta Ekadasi |
| 6 | Makaram | മകരം | January 15 - February 12 | Makara (Capricorn) | Makaravilakku (Sabarimala — culmination), Thai Pongal (some Malayalis) |
| 7 | Kumbham | കുംഭം | February 13 - March 14 | Kumbha (Aquarius) | Maha Shivaratri |
| 8 | Meenam | മീനം | March 15 - April 13 | Meena (Pisces) | Painkuni Festival (Padmanabhaswamy temple), Holi |
| 9 | Medam | മേടം | April 14 - May 14 | Mesha (Aries) | Vishu (sidereal new year), Vishu Kani |
| 10 | Edavam | ഇടവം | May 15 - June 14 | Vrishabha (Taurus) | Edavappathi (start of monsoon), Vesak (Buddha Purnima) |
| 11 | Mithunam | മിഥുനം | June 15 - July 16 | Mithuna (Gemini) | Karkidaka Vavu Bali (preparing for Pitru observances) |
| 12 | Karkidakam | കർക്കടകം | July 17 - August 16 | Karka (Cancer) | Karkidaka Vavu (ancestor worship), Ramayana month — Ramayana recited daily, Niraputhari (first harvest) |
പ്രാദേശിക ഉത്സവങ്ങൾ
Kerala's grandest festival — celebrating the legendary king Mahabali's annual return. Features pookalam (floral carpets), Onam sadya (24-dish feast on banana leaf), Vallam Kali (snake-boat races), Pulikali (tiger dance), Kaikottikkali, and elaborate cultural programs. Celebrated by all Keralites regardless of religion.
Sidereal Malayalam New Year. The first thing one must see on Vishu morning is the Vishu Kani — an arrangement of auspicious items (golden cucumber, jackfruit, mango, gold coins, holy texts) placed before Lord Krishna at midnight. Vishu Kaineetam (gifting money to family).
41-day pilgrimage to Lord Ayyappa's temple at Sabarimala. Pilgrims observe strict austerities (Vratham), wearing black clothes, abstinence, and forest trekking. Climaxes on Makara Sankranti with Makara Vilakku — appearance of a celestial light visible from the temple.
Major ancestor worship day in Kerala. Devotees offer pind daan / bali at sacred sites — Thirunavaya, Thiruvallam, Aluva manappuram. Hundreds of thousands gather.
Kerala's most spectacular temple festival — held at Vadakkunnathan temple, Thrissur. Features 30 caparisoned elephants, percussion ensembles (Pandi Melam), and one of India's largest fireworks displays.
Famous boat races at Aranmula, Nehru Trophy (Punnamada Lake), Champakulam. Long snake-boats (Chundan Vallam) crewed by 100+ rowers race in synchronized rhythm.
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പതിവ് ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ
When is Onam 2026?
Onam 2026 falls in Chingam — Thiruvonam (the main day) is on Tuesday, August 25, 2026. The 10-day festival begins with Atham on August 16 and concludes with Thiruvonam.
When is Vishu 2026?
Vishu 2026 falls on Tuesday, April 14, 2026 — when the Sun enters Mesha (Aries). This is Kerala's sidereal solar new year, distinct from Chingam 1 (the Kolla Varsham administrative new year).
What are the 12 Malayalam months?
Chingam, Kanni, Thulam, Vrischikam, Dhanu, Makaram, Kumbham, Meenam, Medam, Edavam, Mithunam, Karkidakam. The year begins with Chingam (August 17) — the harvest month containing Onam.
What is Karkidakam Ramayana month?
Karkidakam (mid-July to mid-August) is considered an inauspicious month for new ventures (heavy monsoon, post-harvest scarcity historically). Devout Hindus recite the entire Adhyatma Ramayana during this month — one chapter daily — for spiritual cleansing and welfare. It is also called 'Ramayana Maasam'.
What is Vishu Kani?
The first auspicious sight on Vishu morning. The mother arranges items in a vessel before Krishna at midnight: konna flowers (golden), raw rice, fresh fruits (jackfruit, mango, banana, golden cucumber), gold ornaments, mirror, holy texts, money. Family members are led blindfolded to view it at dawn — believed to set the prosperity tone for the year.
What era does Malayalam calendar use?
Kolla Varsham (Kollam Era) — established 825 CE marking the founding of Kollam city. Malayalam year = Gregorian - 824 (in Chingam 1 onward). For example, 2026 CE corresponds to Kolla Varsham 1201-1202.